Adult Learning Theory
Knowles' Four Principles of Andragogy
Train to Your Audience
Malcolm Shepherd Knowles (1913-1997) was an American educator who identified the characteristics of adult learners and created the principles of adult learning theory. Using the adult learning theory principles that Knowles identified helps you deliver effective training by helping you meet the unique needs of your audience.
The Four Principles
- Adults need to know why they are learning something
Adults use their past experiences, including mistakes, as a resource for learning. They are more ready to learn when the material is relevant to their life or work.
- Adults learn through doing, even if they make mistakes
Adults need to be actively involved in the learning process. They become more self-directed and take responsibility for their learning, but may need support from a mentor or coach.
- Adults are problem-solvers
Adult learning is focused on solving real-life problems rather than just learning content. They want to apply what they learn to practical situations.
- Adults learn best when the subject is of immediate use
Adults are motivated to learn when the material is relevant and can be immediately applied to their life or work. Their motivation often comes from internal satisfaction or professional advancement.